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Наружные сети (газ, электрика и т.д.)

जल आपूर्ति और सीवरेज पाइपलाइन स्थापना का संगठन और प्रौद्योगिकी

1 sections 52 figures

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विषय-सूची

लेनिनग्राद निर्माण समिति पीकेआई लेनिनझस्ट्रोयप्रोजेक्ट

जल आपूर्ति और मल निकासी पाइपलाइन स्थापना का संगठन और प्रौद्योगिकी

तकनीकी कार्डों का एल्बम 13-2587-106544-टीके

पीकेआई के मुख्य अभियंता माकोवेट्स्की एम.एम.

विभागाध्यक्ष गलाउदिन वी.आई.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

तकनीकी कार्डों के नाम

ОБЩАЯ ЧАСТЬ

प्रारंभिक अवधि के कार्य

1. प्रयोज्यता का दायरा

2. कार्यों के निष्पादन की अनुमति प्राप्त करना और निर्माण शुरू होने से पहले स्थल पर्यवेक्षक के मुख्य उत्तरदायित्व

3. स्थल पर डिज़ाइन संरेखणों का चिन्हांकन (भूगणितीय लेआउट कार्य)

4. कार्य स्थल की बाड़बंदी, यातायात संकेतों और संकेतकों की स्थापना

5. भू-ऊपरी संरचनाओं का विध्वंस और हरित वृक्षारोपणों का स्थानांतरण

6. स्थल समतलीकरण, सतही जल निकासी

7. अस्थायी सड़कों का निर्माण

8. निर्माण स्थलों पर स्वच्छता और कल्याण सुविधाओं तथा अग्निशमन उपकरणों का प्रावधान

9. निर्माण स्थलों की प्रकाश व्यवस्था

10. निर्माण सामग्री, उत्पाद और संरचनाओं की स्थल पर स्वीकृति और भंडारण, आवक गुणवत्ता नियंत्रण

11. मौजूदा भूमिगत उपयोगिताओं का गढ्ढा खोदकर परीक्षण

ЗЕМЛЯНЫЕ РАБОТЫ

2. खुदाई के लिए जमी हुई मृदा की तैयारी

3. सड़क फ़र्श का निराकरण

4. उत्खनन यंत्रों द्वारा मृदा उत्खनन

5. मौजूदा उपयोगिता लाइनों के प्रतिच्छेदन पर मृदा उत्खनन

6. ट्राम या रेल पटरियों के प्रतिच्छेदन पर कार्यों का निष्पादन

7. Отрывка приямков

7. गढ्ढों (बेल होल) की खुदाई

8. खाइयों और गड्ढों की ऊर्ध्वाधर दीवारों का पाटन

9. खुले में जल निष्कासन और भूजल स्तर अवनमन

10. अधःस्तर की तैयारी

11. खाइयों और गड्ढों का पुनर्भरण

12. मृदा कार्य के लिए मूलभूत स्वास्थ्य और सुरक्षा आवश्यकताएँ

13. मृदा कार्य के लिए प्रचालनात्मक गुणवत्ता नियंत्रण योजना

2. Общие положения

जल आपूर्ति और मल-जल पाइपलाइनें तथा संबद्ध संरचनाओं का प्रतिष्ठापन

2. सामान्य प्रावधान

3. इस्पात पाइपों की स्थापना

4. इस्पात पाइपलाइन के जोड़ों का रोधन

5. प्रबलित कंक्रीट पाइपों की स्थापना

6. ढलवा लोहा पाइपों की स्थापना

7. प्लास्टिक पाइपों की स्थापना

8. मैनहोल (चैंबर) की स्थापना

9. शट-ऑफ वाल्वों की स्थापना

10. पाइपलाइनों और संबद्ध संरचनाओं की स्थापना के लिए बुनियादी स्वास्थ्य और सुरक्षा आवश्यकताएँ

11. पाइपलाइनों और संबंधित संरचनाओं की अधिष्ठापन के लिए परिचालन गुणवत्ता नियंत्रण की व्यवस्था

जल आपूर्ति और सीवरेज पाइपलाइनों का जलदाब परीक्षण

2. गुरुत्वाकर्षण पाइपलाइनों का परीक्षण

3. दाब पाइपलाइनों का परीक्षण

4. घरेलू और पेयजल आपूर्ति पाइपलाइनों की फ्लशिंग और कीटाणुशोधन

जल आपूर्ति और सीवरेज पाइपलाइनों का मौजूदा नेटवर्क से संयोजन, अपशिष्ट जल पम्पिंग

2. टी का उपयोग करके संयोजन

3. कपलिंग का उपयोग करके संयोजन

4. Tapping using a saddle

5. Tapping using a cutter

6. Connection of a sewer to an existing manhole

7. Connection of a sewer with manhole installation and wastewater pumping

8. Installation of a temporary sewer network for wastewater pumping

9. Basic health and safety requirements for executing works on existing sewer networks

LOADING, UNLOADING, AND TRANSPORTATION WORKS

Fig. 1 — General arrangement and structural components of mobile lifting equipment: truck-mounted, pneumatic-tired, and crawler lattice-boom cranes

Fig. 1 — Load characteristic and lifting height curves for a crane based on boom radius — Fig. 2 — Load characteristic and lifting height curves for a crane based on boom radius

Fig. 1 — Load chart demonstrating the relationship between boom radius (m), lifting capacity (t), and hook lifting height (m) — Fig. 3 — Load chart demonstrating the relationship between boom radius (m), lifting capacity (t), and hook lifting height (m)

Fig. 1 — Crane load chart detailing lifting capacity and hook lifting height as functions of boom outreach for boom lengths of 14m and 18m. — Fig. 4 — Crane load chart detailing lifting capacity and hook lifting height as functions of boom outreach for boom lengths of 14m and 18m.

Fig. 1 — Crane load-radius chart showing lifting capacity as a function of jib outreach for various operational configurations — Fig. 5 — Crane load-radius chart showing lifting capacity as a function of jib outreach for various operational configurations

Fig. 1 — Crane lifting height versus boom outreach performance chart showing operational curves for various boom configurations — Fig. 6 — Crane lifting height versus boom outreach performance chart showing operational curves for various boom configurations

Fig. 1 — Load-lifting capacity chart for a mobile crane showing various boom lengths and jib configurations — Fig. 7 — Load-lifting capacity chart for a mobile crane showing various boom lengths and jib configurations

Fig. 1 — Crane lifting height and outreach performance chart for various boom and jib configurations — Fig. 8 — Crane lifting height and outreach performance chart for various boom and jib configurations

Fig. 1 — Crane load chart detailing lifting capacity versus working radius for multiple boom configurations — Fig. 9 — Crane load chart detailing lifting capacity versus working radius for multiple boom configurations

Fig. 1 — Load capacity chart illustrating lifting performance relative to boom reach for two operational configurations — Fig. 10 — Load capacity chart illustrating lifting performance relative to boom reach for two operational configurations

Fig. 1 — Crane load-lifting capacity chart indicating capacity versus boom reach for various boom lengths — Fig. 11 — Crane load-lifting capacity chart indicating capacity versus boom reach for various boom lengths

Fig. 1 — Graph of hook lifting height versus boom reach for various boom configurations — Fig. 12 — Graph of hook lifting height versus boom reach for various boom configurations

Fig. 1 — Load Chart Indicating Crane Lifting Capacity and Hook Height Relative to Boom Reach — Fig. 13 — Load Chart Indicating Crane Lifting Capacity and Hook Height Relative to Boom Reach

Fig. 1 — Load chart and hook lifting height curves for a jib crane, detailing lifting capacities and heights with main and extended boom configurations, with and without outrigger support. — Fig. 14 — Load chart and hook lifting height curves for a jib crane, detailing lifting capacities and heights with main and extended boom configurations, with and without outrigger support.

Fig. 1 — Crane Load Chart: Lifting Capacity and Hook Height vs. Boom Outreach — Fig. 15 — Crane Load Chart: Lifting Capacity and Hook Height vs. Boom Outreach

Fig. 1 — Crane load chart detailing lifting capacity and hook height as a function of jib radius — Fig. 16 — Crane load chart detailing lifting capacity and hook height as a function of jib radius

Fig. 1 — Crane load chart showing capacity and lifting height curves against boom radius — Fig. 17 — Crane load chart showing capacity and lifting height curves against boom radius

Fig. 1 — Load-lifting capacity and hook height diagram for a mobile crane as a function of boom radius — Fig. 18 — Load-lifting capacity and hook height diagram for a mobile crane as a function of boom radius

Fig. 1 — Load and height characteristic curves for a crane as a function of boom outreach — Fig. 19 — Load and height characteristic curves for a crane as a function of boom outreach

Fig. 1 — Typical load chart (capacity and lifting height curves) for a construction crane illustrating the relationship between boom outreach, lifting capacity, and hook height. — Fig. 20 — Typical load chart (capacity and lifting height curves) for a construction crane illustrating the relationship between boom outreach, lifting capacity, and hook height.

Fig. 1 — Crane load chart illustrating the relationship between boom reach and hook lifting height across various configurations — Fig. 21 — Crane load chart illustrating the relationship between boom reach and hook lifting height across various configurations

Fig. 1 — Crane Load Chart: Lifting Capacity and Hook Height vs. Boom Reach — Fig. 22 — Crane Load Chart: Lifting Capacity and Hook Height vs. Boom Reach

Fig. 1 — Crane load chart detailing lifting capacity and height as a function of boom outreach for multiple boom configurations — Fig. 23 — Crane load chart detailing lifting capacity and height as a function of boom outreach for multiple boom configurations

Fig. 1 — Load-lifting characteristic chart of a crane showing load capacity and hook lifting height relative to boom reach — Fig. 24 — Load-lifting characteristic chart of a crane showing load capacity and hook lifting height relative to boom reach

Fig. 1 — Crane load chart detailing lifting capacity and hook height as a function of boom outreach — Fig. 25 — Crane load chart detailing lifting capacity and hook height as a function of boom outreach

Fig. 1 — Load capacity and lifting height charts as a function of boom outreach for crane operations — Fig. 26 — Load capacity and lifting height charts as a function of boom outreach for crane operations

Fig. 1 — Crane Load and Hook Height Chart showing lifting capacity and hook lifting height versus boom outreach — Fig. 27 — Crane Load and Hook Height Chart showing lifting capacity and hook lifting height versus boom outreach

Fig. 1 — Load capacity and hook lifting height chart relative to boom outreach. — Fig. 28 — Load capacity and hook lifting height chart relative to boom outreach.

Fig. 1 — Crane load chart depicting lifting capacity and hook height as a function of boom outreach — Fig. 29 — Crane load chart depicting lifting capacity and hook height as a function of boom outreach

Fig. 1 — Crane load and lifting height chart as a function of boom reach — Fig. 30 — Crane load and lifting height chart as a function of boom reach

Fig. 1 — Crane load-lifting and height characteristics chart as a function of boom outreach — Fig. 31 — Crane load-lifting and height characteristics chart as a function of boom outreach

Fig. 1 — Crane Load Chart: Lifting Capacity and Height versus Boom Outreach — Fig. 32 — Crane Load Chart: Lifting Capacity and Height versus Boom Outreach

Fig. 1 — Load-lifting and height characteristic curves for a crane with various boom configurations — Fig. 33 — Load-lifting and height characteristic curves for a crane with various boom configurations

Fig. 1 — Load capacity and hook lifting height chart for a crane based on boom reach — Fig. 34 — Load capacity and hook lifting height chart for a crane based on boom reach

Fig. 1 — Crane load-lifting capacity and hook height performance chart as a function of boom operating radius — Fig. 35 — Crane load-lifting capacity and hook height performance chart as a function of boom operating radius

Fig. 1 — Crane load chart illustrating lifting capacity and hook height as a function of boom radius — Fig. 36 — Crane load chart illustrating lifting capacity and hook height as a function of boom radius

Fig. 1 — Multi-view illustration of crawler-mounted construction machinery configurations including pipelayer, bulldozer, and hydraulic excavator — Fig. 37 — Multi-view illustration of crawler-mounted construction machinery configurations including pipelayer, bulldozer, and hydraulic excavator

Fig. 1 — Load chart indicating hook lift height and lifting capacity versus boom reach for a crane — Fig. 38 — Load chart indicating hook lift height and lifting capacity versus boom reach for a crane

Fig. 1 — Load capacity and lifting height chart for crane operation — Fig. 39 — Load capacity and lifting height chart for crane operation

Fig. 1 — Equipment characteristic chart detailing operational load capacities and hook lifting height as functions of boom reach — Fig. 40 — Equipment characteristic chart detailing operational load capacities and hook lifting height as functions of boom reach

Fig. 1 — Load chart illustrating lifting capacity and hook height relative to boom reach for crane operations. — Fig. 41 — Load chart illustrating lifting capacity and hook height relative to boom reach for crane operations.

Fig. 1 — Load capacity chart demonstrating the inverse relationship between lifting capacity (tonnes) and boom reach (meters) for two different operational configurations. — Fig. 42 — Load capacity chart demonstrating the inverse relationship between lifting capacity (tonnes) and boom reach (meters) for two different operational configurations.

Fig. 1 — Load-lifting characteristics curves of the crawler excavator E-652 with normal and extended boom configurations — Fig. 43 — Load-lifting characteristics curves of the crawler excavator E-652 with normal and extended boom configurations

Fig. 1 — Load capacity chart illustrating the relationship between lifting capacity and boom outreach for two different operational configurations. — Fig. 44 — Load capacity chart illustrating the relationship between lifting capacity and boom outreach for two different operational configurations.

Fig. 1 — Orthographic side and rear projections of a tracked construction vehicle illustrating main structural components and overall dimensional clearances — Fig. 45 — Orthographic side and rear projections of a tracked construction vehicle illustrating main structural components and overall dimensional clearances

Fig. 1 — Dimensional schematics of a tractor-loader-backhoe and a specialized carrier vehicle, indicating key clearance and operational measurements — Fig. 46 — Dimensional schematics of a tractor-loader-backhoe and a specialized carrier vehicle, indicating key clearance and operational measurements

Fig. 1 — Operational diagrams of hydraulic excavators detailing working ranges for backhoe and front shovel attachments — Fig. 47 — Operational diagrams of hydraulic excavators detailing working ranges for backhoe and front shovel attachments

Fig. 1 — Operational diagrams of crawler-mounted excavators: dragline (left) and clamshell (right) showing key working dimensions — Fig. 48 — Operational diagrams of crawler-mounted excavators: dragline (left) and clamshell (right) showing key working dimensions

Fig. 1 — Operational diagrams and kinematic parameters of tractor-mounted and wheeled single-bucket excavators — Fig. 49 — Operational diagrams and kinematic parameters of tractor-mounted and wheeled single-bucket excavators

Fig. 1 — Crane load chart illustrating lifting capacity versus working radius for multiple boom configurations — Fig. 50 — Crane load chart illustrating lifting capacity versus working radius for multiple boom configurations

Fig. 1 — Kinematic chart illustrating hook lifting height curves relative to jib outreach for multiple crane boom configurations — Fig. 51 — Kinematic chart illustrating hook lifting height curves relative to jib outreach for multiple crane boom configurations

Fig. 1 — Orthographic projection and technical dimensions of a crawler-type bulldozer — Fig. 52 — Orthographic projection and technical dimensions of a crawler-type bulldozer